【24.06.2008 比利時自由記者】西藏, 真还是假？
[font=arial][size=12px][align=left][font=微软雅黑][size=7][size=12px][size=3]【登载媒体】[/size][/size][/size][/font]米歇尔·科隆 MICHEL COLLON[/align][align=left][font=微软雅黑][size=7][size=12px]Who is Michel Collon?[/size][/size][/font][/align][align=left][font=微软雅黑][size=7][size=12px][url=http://politics.people.com.cn/BIG5/1026/7041277.html]http://politics.people.com.cn/BIG5/1026/7041277.html[/url][/size][/size][/font][/align][align=left][font=微软雅黑][size=7][size=12px]
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[/size][/size][/font][/align][align=left][font=微软雅黑][size=7][size=12px][size=3]【来源地址】[url=http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2008-06-26%2014:54:30&log=articles]http://www.michelcollon.info/art ... :54:30&log=articles[/url]
[/size][/size][/size][/font][font=arial][size=12px][font=微软雅黑][size=7][size=12px][size=3][font=微软雅黑]【原文】[/font][/size][/size][/size][/font][/size][/font][/align][/size][/font] [table=95%][tr][td][b]TIBET : true or false?[/b][/td][/tr][tr][td][i]Test how the media informed you[/i][/td][/tr][/table] [table=95%][tr][td]Mila Marcos and Michel Collon [/td][td] [img=5,5]http://www.michelcollon.info/img/puce2.gif[/img] [url=http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2008-06-26%2014:54:30&log=articles#]Envoyer à un(e) ami(e)[/url] [img=5,5]http://www.michelcollon.info/img/puce2.gif[/img] [url=http://www.michelcollon.info/imprimarticles.php?dateaccess=2008-06-26%2014:54:30&log=articles]Imprimer[/url] [/td][/tr][/table] [table=95%][tr][td] [/td][/tr][tr][td] The goal of these media tests is neither to shock nor create a scandal.All beliefs deserve respect. The goal is to allow each of us to determine for ourselves a decisive question: is what I believe based on reliable information? Or did someone try to manipulate public opinion on these big questions?
What makes a good judge? Someone who listens attentively to thecontending parties, leaves her prejudices outside, makes up her ownmind, and checks the reliability of each document, of each witness.Wouldn't a media reader or viewer find it helpful to follow this samemethod?
[/td][/tr][tr][td] [/td][/tr][tr][td] 1. "BEFORE THE CHINESE INVASION, THE TIBETAN PEOPLE LIVED IN HARMONYWITH THEIR NOBILITY IN A SOCIAL ORDER INSPIRED BY RELIGIOUS TEACHINGS."
FALSE. Religious doctrines imposed the superior position of therich noble and the inferior position of the impoverished peasant, thelow-ranking monk, the slave and all women, presenting this ranking asthe inevitable outcome of karmic virtues and vices of successive formerlives.
This religious ideology justified a feudal class order: serfsworked without pay for life on the grounds of the lord or themonastery, unable to move without permission. All lifeevents--marriage, death, birth, a religious festival, to own an animal,to plant a tree, to dance, or to enter or leave prison--were pretextsfor heavy taxes. Debts passed from father to son and to grandson. Thosewho failed to pay were reduced to slavery.
Fugitives and thieves were tracked by a small professional army.Favorite punishments: tearing out the tongue or the eye, slicing thetendon at the knee, etc. There tortures were not ended until 1959, atthe time of democratic reforms decided in Beijing.
2. “IN 1951, CHINA INVADED TIBET.”
FALSE. The term “invasion” assumes that there are two countries.However, since the 13th century, the Mongols had annexed Tibet toChina. As of the 17th century, it was one of the eighteen provinces ofthe Chinese Empire. And each new Dalai Lama received his “seal” ofoffice from the Chinese Emperor.
At the end of the 19th century, the British Empire invaded Tibetand installed its trade representatives there. The thirteenth DalaiLama took advantage of this to assert Tibet's independence. No Chineseparty nor any country in the world took this request seriously. As of1949, the U.S. State Department still declared Tibet and Taiwanintegral parts of China.
This all changed when, led by Mao Zedong, China became socialist.The same U.S. State Department then wrote: “Tibet has becomestrategically and ideologically important. Since the independence ofTibet can aid the fight against Communism, it is of our interest torecognize it as independent rather than regarding it as belonging toChina.” But, it added: “The situation would change if a government inexile is created. In this case, it is in our interest to support itwithout recognizing Tibet's independence. To recognize the independenceof Tibet, yes or no, is not the true question. It is about our attitudetowards China.”
3. “AS SOON AS SOCIALIST CHINA TOOK OVER THE DIRECTION IN 1951, THEDALAI-LAMA AND THE TIBETAN NOBILITY LOST ALL THEIR POLITICAL POWER INTIBET."
FALSE. In 1951, Beijing and the local government of Tibet signed anaccord on the peaceful liberation of Tibet. The Dalai Lama wrote a poemabout the glory of President Mao Zedong and telegraphed him: “The localgovernment, the lamas and the lay population of Tibet unanimouslysupport the accord of 17 articles." It is within this framework thatthe Peoples Liberation Army entered Tibet.
The agreement foresaw the continuation of serfdom in Tibet underthe authority of the Dalai Lama. The monasteries, the Dalai Lama andthe officials would keep their possessions: 70 percent of the land.Beijing would control military questions and international relations.The local Tibetan government, composed of lamas and lords, negotiatedand accepted the agreement. The Dalai Lama took the post ofvice-president of the Parliament of all China, which he acceptedwithout problems.
4. ”IN 1959, 83.000 DIED IN THE BATTLE OF LHASA.”
FALSE. To understand the sequence of events: while in Tibet,eastern feudalism continued, in the neighboring provinces whereminorities Tibetans coexist with of Han, Hui, Yi, Naxi, Qiang,Mongols…, land reform got underway at the beginning of the 1950s. Thelands of the great landowners were confiscated and redistributed to thepoor peasants. With few conflicts, as the socialist State pays anincome to the ex-owners. Resistance came from Tibetan lamas andnobility in these areas. They refuse to give up their privileges.
In 1956, they launched an armed rebellion starting from themonastery of Litang in Sichuan province. After skirmishes with the RedArmy, a part of the Tibetan elite of Sichuan flees to Tibet and spreadsrumors of “red terror.” From the beginning, the CIA financed andsupported the uprising. Armed militia were trained in Colorado,parachuted into Tibet, and supplied with weapons by air. The bloodyevents of this period were indeed a struggle of the privileged classes,organized by the CIA.
In 1959, the rumor that,“The Chinese will kidnap the Dalai Lama,”sparked a large demonstration in Lhasa. In reality, the CIA had alreadyorganized the Dalai Lama's flight towards India. The demonstratorslynched some Tibetan officials, and the Red Army crushed the riot. Howmany deaths in Lhasa? Three thousand according to testimonies collectedby the political economist Henry Bradsher (pro-independence).Sixty-five thousand, claimed the Dalai Lama in 1959. Then, it will passto eighty-seven thousand. However, at that time Lhasa only had amaximum of forty thousand inhabitants. It is true that after the riot,ten thousand Tibetans were sent to spend eight months doing forcedlabor to build the first hydro-electric power station in Ngchen. Butthe unsubstantiated figures continued to circulate. In 1984, theTibetan government in exile used the figure of « 432.000 Tibetains deadduring the battles with the Red Army between 1949 and 1979 » !
5. “INDIA INITIALLY REFUSED TO GRANT THE DALAI-LAMA POLITICAL ASYLUM."
TRUE. Starting in 1949, the United States tried to convince theDalai Lama to go into exile, with the assistance of his two brothers(recruited by the CIA in 1951) and of the German adviser HeinrichHarrer (former SS). It would take ten years before he agreed to takerefuge in India with the layer of privileged dignitaries who will makeup the exiled Tibetan community.
But neighboring India hardly wanted to grant him asylum. PresidentEisenhower then proposed to introduce 400 Indian engineers to U.S.nuclear technology. The Indian leader Nehru accepted this deal. In1974, first Indian A-bomb was given the cynical nickname of “smilingBuddha”.
6. “THE CHINESE OCCUPATION CAUSED THE VIOLENT DEATH OF 1.2 MILLION TIBETANS."
FALSE. Two major facts contradict this figure, which the Western world has accepted without proof for thirty years.
1. The Tibetan population pyramid in 1953 was estimated as atmaximum 2.5 million inhabitants in Tibet and in neighboring provinces.If 1.2 million Tibetans had been killed between 1951 and the beginningof the 70s, most of Tibet would have been depopulated. And there wouldbe a great imbalance between men and women. But demographers note nosuch anomaly and the population doubled to almost six million Tibetansin China today.
2. The only person who had access to the files of the Tibetangovernment in exile was Patrick French, when he directed Free Tibet inLondon. Documents in hand, French concluded that the evidence of the “Tibetan genocide” had been falsified. The battles of 1959 had beencounted several times and the figures of deaths added in the marginsafterwards. He denounced this falsification, but the figure continuedto circulate in the world…
7. “RELIGIOUS PRACTICE WAS PROHIBITED DURING THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION.”
TRUE. Between 1966 and 1976, all religious practices wereprohibited not only in Tibet, but in all China. The monasteries wereclosed, the monks had to return to their families of origin and devotethemselves to productive work, primarily farming. It is not true thatall the temples and monasteries were "razed to the ground." But the RedGuards, young Tibetan intellectuals who followed the general movementin China, destroyed many objects of worship.
When that turned chaotic, the army stepped in and restored socialand economic order. The Chinese government publicly admitted the errorsof this period and financed the restoration of all Tibet's religiouspatrimony. The monasteries were repopulated. Two thousand lamaserieswere restored and are functioning in China.
8. “THE DALAI-LAMA IS A SORT OF POPE OF WORLD BUDDHISM.”
FALSE. The Dalai Lama represents neither Zen Buddhism (Japan), norSoutheast Asian Buddhism, nor Chinese Buddhism. In fact, TibetanBuddhism represents less than 2 percent of the world's Buddhists. InTibet itself, there are four separate Buddhist sects, the Dalai Lamabelonging to one of them, the gelugpa (yellow bonnets).
When he visited London in 1992, the largest British Buddhistorganization accused him of being a “pitiless dictator” and an“oppressor of religious freedom.” This “Pope” seems to have fewreligious disciples, but many political followers…
9. “THE DALAI LAMA CLAIMS A QUARTER OF CHINA'S TERRITORY.”
TRUE. Although he had recently said he would be satisfied with akind of autonomy, in his books, he claims a “Grand Tibet,” double thesize of that where the Dalai Lamas exerted local political power in thepast. This territory would incorporate the whole province of Qinghaiand the parts of the provinces Gansu, Yunnan and Sichuan, in which onefinds Tibetan minorities among other nationalities.
By what methods? By driving out the non-Tibetan populations?Practicing ethnic cleansing? Yes. The Dalai Lama declared textually inthe U.S. Congress in 1987: “7.5 million settlers must leave.” It is nota question of settlers, because the populations of these areas havebeen mixed for centuries. In any case, this expansionist project wouldcarry out what all the colonial powers have sought to do for 150 years:to dismember China.
10. “DONATION FROM CHARITABLE AND HUMANITARIAN NGO'S FINANCE THE TIBETAN MOVEMENT.”
FALSE. The Tibetan movement indeed receives such gifts, but itsprincipal financier is the government of the United States. Between1959 and 1972, the CIA poured $1.7 million into the “Tibetan governmentin exile” and $180,000 dollars per annum for the Dalai Lama. This hedenied for a long time, but ended up acknowledging it.
From then on and still today, the payments were more discreet,through cover organizations like the National Endowment for Democracy,Tibet Fund, State Department's Democracy Bureau… Another importantsponsor: George Soros through Albert Einstein Institute, directed untilrecently by ex-colonel Robert Helvey of the U.S. secret services.
11. “THE SUPPORT OF THE UNITED STATES FOR THE DALAI LAMA IS JUSTIFIED BY STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES."
TRUE. Ruling U.S. circles see China as their principal enemy. NowChina is certainly an essential economic partner, but also, in the longterm, a principal factor resisting U.S. world domination. The USApredict that China will catch them up as a world power about 2030. Theymust then absolutely prevent Asians from creating a Common Market tiedto China that would evade U.S. control.
These people dream that they can break up China as they did theUSSR. Their goal is to control the economic wealth, the labor power andthe largest market of the world. To weaken China, the U.S. has atwo-track strategy. On the one hand, to encircle China with militarybases. In addition, to encourage separatist movements and all kinds ofopposition. They begin with media demonization campaigns. That's whythey invest greatly in the question of Tibet.
12. “THE DALAI LAMA PUBLICLY DEFENDED THE FORMER FASCIST DICTATOR OF CHILE AUGUSTO PINOCHET.”
TRUE. British police arrested Pinochet in England, based on aninternational warrant for crimes against humanity issued by SpanishJudge Baltasar Garzón. In this occasion, the Dalai Lama activelyrecommended the British government to release him and stop him frombeing tried. Pinochet also was a long-term employee of the CIA.
The Dalai Lama is indeed a pawn of the United States. In 2007,George Bush presented the Dalai Lama a Congressional Gold Medal, thehighest civilian award given by the U.S. Congress. His holiness praisedBush for his efforts in the whole world on behalf of freedom, democracyand human rights. He called the United States “a champion of democracyand freedom.”
13. “REPORTERS WITHOUT BORDERS GIVES DISINTERESED SUPPORT TO THE DALAI LAMA."
FALSE. Reporters Without Borders (RSF) presents itself as adefender of freedom for journalists, and many of its small contributorsbelieve they are supporting an independent and objective organization.But the funds for helping oppressed journalists amounts to only 7percent of the total budget. The remainder goes to political campaigns.
Behind these campaigns is dirty money. Actually, the boss at RSF,Robert Ménard, uses a double standard when he defends human rights. Hecriticizes Venezuela and Cuba by distorting facts? Why? He receivedfinancings from the Cuban counterrevolutionaries in Miami. Hecriticizes China for his policy in Tibet? Why? He received 100.000dollars from the anti-communists of Taiwan. On the other hand, he ismore than timid towards the United States, which killed the greatestnumber of journalists these last few years. Why? He is financed by theCIA through the NED as we already mentioned.
Similarly, Ménard forced RSF to cease criticizing the French media.Why? He is supported financially by the largest French media and somelarge multinationals. Moreover, the NMPP (owned partially by Lagardere)distribute his albums free. You don't bite the hand that feeds you.Ménard had to admit in 2001: “How, for example,could we organize adebate on the concentration of the press and then ask Havas or Hachetteto sponsor it?”
Despite all these suspect financial arrangements, the majority ofthe mass media continue to relay Ménard's words massively. On the otherhand, UNESCO ceased supporting him, explaining that, “RSF had shown onseveral occasions an absence of ethics by treating certain countrieswith very little objectivity.”
14. “CHINA IS COMMITTING CULTURAL GENOCIDE IN TIBET.”
FALSE. Actually, Tibet for a long time has been an autonomous area.Since the 1980s, the culture and the religion of Tibet are practicedfreely, children are bilingual, institutes studying Tibet have beenopened, lamas, including young children, fill the monasteries. In thestreets, believers happily spin their prayer wheels. The languageTibetan is spoken and written by many more people than before therevolution. There are a hundred literary magazines in Tibet. EvenForeign Office magazine, close to the U.S. State Department,acknowledged that 60 to 70 percent of the civil servants are from theTibetan ethnic group and that bilingualism is common.
In addition, Tibetan culture also experienced new growth in theremainder of China, especially in the fields of language, literature,studies of the everyday life and traditional architecture. Chinapublished major collections of books, newspapers and magazines in theTibetan language. Many publishing houses exist not only in Tibet butalso in Beijing. “Cultural genocide” is a political propaganda myth.
15. “THE CONFRONTATIONS OF MARCH 14, 2008 IN LHASA OCCURRED BECAUSETHE POLICE FORCE AND THE CHINESE ARMY VIOLENTLY REPRESSED A PEACEFULDEMOSTRATION."
FALSE. All the Western witnesses present on the spot, includingjournalist James Miles (The Economist) and many tourists attest to it:the violence was started by young Tibetans who the lamas encouraged tocommit destructive acts.
These were criminal acts programmed in a racist manner. Severalgroups, all armed in the same manner (Molotov cocktails, stones, steelbars, and butcher's knives), all operating in the same way, were spreadaround Lhasa, and sowed panic by attacking Han (Chinese) and Hui(Moslems). Civilians were burned alive, others beaten to death or cutup. Nineteen died and more than three hundred were wounded. Schools,hospitals and hotels were attacked. Many older Tibetans aided thevictims and saved lives.
When these racist violences were exposed, the partisans of theDalaï-Lama claimed that it was all the work of Chinese soldiersdisguised as monks, circulating an alleged “satellite” photograph thatwas supposed to prove it. We showed that this photograph was a coarseforgery.
The police force and the Chinese army initially remained extremelypassive before intervening in force to put an end to the riots. Howmany became victims there at this time? The Western media spread thefigure (“hundreds”) advanced by the partisans of the Dalai Lama.
Some of those the Tibetan government in exile declared “dead” arequite alive today in Tibet. Others were called “Dupont, Charleroi”without being more precise. Other names raised do not exist. Theargument goes on.
Translated from french by John Catalinotto
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我很懒Q64)，不想翻译，请热心网友代翻一下。[/size][/size][/size][/font][/size][/font]
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[[i] 本帖最后由 after10 于 2008-8-31 22:19 编辑 [/i]] 呵呵，是够长的，楼主你就勤快点啦。Q26) 用翻译软件看了一下.感觉是对西藏历史的客观描述.还有对现有媒体疯狂炒作的质疑 楼主不厚道啊。
楼主啊
感觉你不厚道啊..把原文贴出来,不翻译,....
这不是水平问题,这是态度问题.....Q76) haha...good things comes for boys who wait.
耐心等一等吧。 看来下一次我还是不贴原文为妙啊Q64) 还是比较客观的一片文章！Q22) 目前在用金山词霸，边查边看，刚看了个开头，感觉工程浩大啊～～～Q14) Q62) 英语三级不到呀。。。。。。。。。 这个记者什么背景啊，下了不少功夫啊，都感觉像是我们中国自己人，赞一个。 楼主还是翻译吧，软件看的肯定头大Q64) 终于有人说出真相来了，请大家复制下来，记下地址，以后又西方的被洗脑的争辩就给他看这个。很好，收藏了。
另外，不厚道一句：还有人讨论要不要学习英语的话题吗？哈哈。Q23) [quote]原帖由 [i]zhiyi[/i] 于 2008-9-1 00:52 发表 [url=http://www.anti-cnn.com/forum/cn/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=1332361&ptid=95615][img]http://www.anti-cnn.com/forum/cn/images/common/back.gif[/img][/url]
终于有人说出真相来了，请大家复制下来，记下地址，以后又西方的被洗脑的争辩就给他看这个。很好，收藏了。
另外，不厚道一句：还有人讨论要不要学习英语的话题吗？哈哈。Q23) ... [/quote]
应该这样问：还有人怀疑西方应该学习中文的重要性了么？ 这种文章都是刊登在犄角旮旯的吧~聊胜于无而已Q67) 好文章，但这样的文章也就只能发表在自己的个人网站上bb24) Q64) 等待翻译Q64) 需要翻译， 郁闷了，翻译了到第十一项被同学把电源踩断了。。。。
我笔记本电脑，不过都是当台式机用，就把电池取了，同学去睡觉，把我电源踩断。我之前就怕断电死机什么的，用的Word写，结果word只一个存档，打开只有几个乱码……
第一次翻译以这种方式告终……失败。。。睡觉。
另外，这文章写得很有“中国特色”，有很多问题都是按照中国官方的观点在说，也很有说服力。如果这样的一个文章的影响面很广的话，确实可以给很多西方人一震。
另外，对于不明真相的西方人，直接把这个文章甩给他，可以省很多事情。该有的说法，这上面都有了，从历史，到现实，从达赖，到cia，很不错的一个对西方宣传的版本，最难能可贵的，这是出自西方媒体。
建议经常与西方人打交道的人收藏这帖。
[[i] 本帖最后由 chillsea 于 2008-9-2 03:05 编辑 [/i]] 对西藏的历史, 地理, 政治及发展给了客观的辩解. 我来翻译第一段：
The goal of these media tests is neither to shock nor create a scandal.All beliefs deserve respect. The goal is to allow each of us to determine for ourselves a decisive question: is what I believe based on reliable information? Or did someone try to manipulate public opinion on these big questions?
What makes a good judge? Someone who listens attentively to thecontending parties, leaves her prejudices outside, makes up her ownmind, and checks the reliability of each document, of each witness.Wouldn't a media reader or viewer find it helpful to follow this samemethod?
媒体的目的不是带来惊讶也不是制造丑闻。 所有的信念应当得到尊重。 主要的目的是让我们问自己一个重要的问题：是否我们所相信的是来源于真实的信息？或者有些人在重大事件上故意捏造（歪曲）公众观点？
什么可以带来公正的判断？有些人专注听取各方意见，改过自己的偏见，弥补了自己的主张，检验各方文献和证明人的真实可靠性。 媒体读者和观众是不是发现这是一个有用的方法呢？ 召唤翻译Q61) 比利时记者？唉，国奥队谭望嵩那一脚…… 冒死一顶，只为引起更多人注意。 有大师帮忙翻译一下吧！ [quote]原帖由 [i]zlm37[/i] 于 2008-9-2 22:54 发表 [url=http://www.anti-cnn.com/forum/cn/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=1341211&ptid=95615][img]http://www.anti-cnn.com/forum/cn/images/common/back.gif[/img][/url]
比利时记者？唉，国奥队谭望嵩那一脚…… [/quote]
这跟国奥队谭望嵩有什么关系？他那一脚又不是踹这个记者的Q23) 等着看翻译Q33)
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